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KMID : 0191120230380300225
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Journal of Korean Medical Science
2023 Volume.38 No. 30 p.225 ~ p.225
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Change in Severity and Clinical Manifestation of MIS-C Over SARS-CoV-2 Variant Outbreaks in Korea
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Choe Young-June
Choi Eun-Hwa
Choi Jong-Woon
Eun Byung-Wook
Lucy Youngmin Eun
Kim Yae-Jean
Kim Yeo-Hyang
Kim Young-A
Kim Yun-Kyung
Kwak Ji-Hee
Lee Hyuk-Min
Park June-Dong
Jung Yeon-Haw
Gwack Jin
Lee Sang-Won
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Abstract
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Background : There is difference in the incidence of multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) in patients with different variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, however, little is known about the epidemiology in Asian countries. We investigated and compared the epidemiology of the MIS-C during omicron-dominant period with that of previous periods in South Korea.
Methods : We obtained clinical, epidemiological and laboratory data on MIS-C cases from national MIS-C surveillance in South Korea. We defined pre-delta period as January 2020?May 2021; delta period as June 2021?December 2021; and omicron period as January 2022?April 2022. We describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of MIS-C patients by period.
Results : A total of 91 cases were assessed to be MIS-C cases. Number of MIS-C cases have increased from six cases during pre-delta period to 66 cases during omicron period, while the incidence rate (the number of MIS-C cases per 100,000 cases of reported coronavirus disease 2019) has decreased from 38.5 cases per 100,000 (95% confidence interval [CI], 14.1?83.9) during pre-delta period to 1.6 cases per 100,000 (95% CI, 1.2?2.0) during omicron periods. During pre-delta period, 66.7% and 100% had hypotension and gastrointestinal involvement, respectively; while during omicron period, 12.1% and 6.1% had such clinical manifestations. Fifty percent of pre-delta MIS-C patients were taken intensive care unit (ICU) cares, while 10.6% of patients during omicron periods were in ICUs.
Conclusion : Omicron period were associated with less severe clinical manifestation compared to pre-delta and delta periods. Although incidence rate of MIS-C was lower for the omicron period than pre-delta and delta periods, number of patients reported with MIS-C may pose a substantial clinical burden.
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KEYWORD
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MIS-C, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2
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